Antituberculars
Isoniazid (INH, Nydrazid) Class(es) Antitubercular agent. Clinical use(s) FDA approved: Active tuberculosis (HIV and non-HIV); inactive tuberculosis (HIV and non-HIV). Off-label/clinical use: Atypical mycobacterial infection; determination of acetylation rate. Mechanism(s) of action Bactericidal. Inhibits synthesis of mycoloic acids, an essential component of the bacterial cell wall. Key adverse effects Increased liver enzymes, neuropathy, neurotoxicity. Key […]
Penicillin beta-lactams
Penicillin (PCN) Class(es) Penicillins/Beta-Lactams. Clinical use(s) FDA approved: Syphilis, anthrax, listeria infections, meningococcal infections, pasteurella, serious gram-positive infections. Off-label/clinical use: CAP (children), group B strep, osteomyelitis, SSTI. Mechanism(s) of action Bactericidal. Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis during active multiplication. Key adverse effects Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, seizure (rare). Key drug/food interactions Tetracyclines (may ↓ effectiveness)Food (may […]
Plasmodium species comparison chart
This is an optional study guide. Details for P. malariae have been completed for you as an example. P. falciparum P. vivax P. ovale P. knowlesi P. malariae Predominant geography Rare. Temperate and subtropical Erythrocyte target Senescent cells only Interval between merozoite release from RBCs […]
Plasmodium/Malaria
This is the LP for this topic. The content is also on the Protozoa page. It needs to go on its own malaria content page and then delete it from the Protozoa page (feed it with a Posts query) and delete it from here (also feed it with a Posts query). This URL may need […]
Infectious diseases that target red blood cells
High-yield summary Plasmodium (protozoa that causes malaria) Transmitted by female Anopheles mosquito. Lifecycle includes liver (exoerythrocytic) and blood (erythrocytic) stages. Vivax and P. ovale form dormant hypnozoites in liver—cause relapses. Falciparum infects all RBC stages—highest parasitemia and severity. Symptoms (fever, chills) correlate with RBC rupture during schizont release. Diagnosis of malaria Thick smear: Screening […]
Temporal and infratemporal regions; temporomandibular joint
Optional reading Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 7th ed., Temporomandibular joint section through Arthritis of TMJ. Temporal region Figure 1. Attachments of temporal fascia. GRAY’S ANATOMY FOR STUDENTS, FIGURE 8.138. Figure 2. GRAY’S ANATOMY FOR STUDENTS, FIGURE 8.139. The temporal fossa is the sunken area located on the lateral skull above the zygomatic arch. Boundaries Its floor […]
Protected: Lab 12: Infracolic Region
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Protected: Lab 11: Peritoneal Cavity and Supracolic Region
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Protected: Lab 10: Dissection: Anterior Abdominal Wall (AAW) and Inguinal Region
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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
source: Novan’s notes, by George Novan, MD, and Joanna Breems, MD Last update: September 2023 The terms STIs (sexually transmitted infections) and STDs (sexually transmitted diseases) are nterchangeable. However, more authors now favor using STI because not all “infections” are manifest as “disease”—that is, they are not clinically evident or symptomatic. A note on terminology. […]