thread and topic: Microbiology and Infectious Disease

DNA viruses

dsDNA Herpesviridae dsDNA viruses that all cause persistent infections, mostly in a latent form. Their tissue tropism predicts clinical manifestations and latent forms.  Herpes Simplex 1 and 2 Cause cutaneous vesicular eruptions and are transmitted through contact with oral or genital secretions or direct contact with actively infected vesicle. HSV 1 is most often associated […]

Maps

Gram-positive bacteria map Branching Anaerobic Actinomyces Aerobic Nocardia (partially acid fast) Cocci Staphylococci Catalase + Coagulase + S.aureus MSSA MRSA Coagulase – (CONS) S. Epidermidis S. Saprophyticus S. lugdenensis Streptococci Catalase – α-hemolysis (green) S. pneumoniae: Optochin-S, Bile soluble Viridans Strep: Optochin-R, Bile insoluble β-hemolysis (clear) S. Pyogenes (Group A Strep): Bacitracin-S S. Agalacticiae (Group […]

Anaerobic bacteria

Medically Relevant This is a list of medically relevant bacteria. See the associated entry within the Microbiology and Infectious Disease thread compendium for gram-positive and gram-negative for details. Clostridia Actinomyces Bacteroides Propionibacterium/Cutibacterium acnes Lactobacillus

Atypical bacteria

These bacteria do not conform to the typical gram-positive and gram-negative distinctions, largely due to differences in their cell walls. Their ecologic niche, types of diseases, and immune response are resultantly different as well. Spirochetes Spiral-shaped bacteria. While cell wall structures are technically similar to gram-negative bacteria, most are far too thin to be seen […]

Gram-negative

Gram-negative Cocci (GNCs): Diplococci Neisseria Small intracellular gram-negative diplococci. Neisseria meningitidis Neisseria meningitidis is gram-negative diplococci that colonizes human nasopharynx. It is encapsulated, which distinguishes it from other Neisseria spp and provides an anti-phagocytic protection. After colonizing nasopharynx, organism can evade immune response and reach meninges via bloodstream. Patients with terminal complement deficiency are highly […]

Gram-positive

Gram-Positive Cocci (GPCs) Staphylococci Staphylococcus aureus Beta-hemolytic, golden colored colonies on blood agar.  One of the most common causes of infections in humans. The main habitat is the anterior nares in humans and as a colonizer of human skin. S. aureus has several important toxins that facilitate disease, including toxic-shock superantigens. S. aureus can cause […]