Bacterial upper respiratory infections
Learning goals Compare and contrast the epidemiology, clinical features, complications, and approach to management of viral and bacterial causes of pharyngitis Describe the clinical manifestations, microbiologic features, diagnostic approach, and treatment of pharyngitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes Describe the microbiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, and approach to management of epiglottitis Describe the microbiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, […]
Viral upper respiratory infections
Learning goals Compare and contrast the microbiology, epidemiology, and range of clinical syndromes associated with rhinovirus, adenovirus, seasonal coronavirus, and parainfluenza Differentiate acute viral respiratory illness from secondary bacterial infections and describe indications to use antibiotics for upper respiratory infections Describe the pathogenesis, microbiologic etiologies, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and pharmacologic management of otitis media, otitis […]
Infections in the immunocompromised host
Learning goals Correlate types of opportunistic infections related to specific forms of immunodeficiency (cell-mediated, humoral, innate, adaptive, combined) Describe the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment approach, and preventative strategies for the opportunistic infections caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii, JC Virus, and Cytomegalovirus Compare and contrast the nature and degree of immunosuppression and the associated opportunistic infections […]
Antibiotics: Beta-lactams
Learning goals Compare and contrast the mechanism of action, spectrum of activity, main clinical uses, and toxicities of the four main subclasses of beta-lactams Describe the mechanisms of resistance used by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria against the various beta-lactam antibiotics Name the beta-lactamase inhibitors and describe their role and limitations as an antimicrobial Name beta-lactams […]
Endocarditis
Learning goals Describe the classification, predisposing factors, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of infective endocarditis (IE) Compare and contrast the common microbiologic causes for acute, subacute, native, and prosthetic valve endocarditis Describe the pharmacologic treatment of infective endocarditis and conditions where surgery is considered Required study materials These are required materials that will help maximize […]
Gram-positive cocci
Learning goals Classify staphylococci and streptococci species according to their microbiologic properties (morphologic features, chemical and/or antigenic identification, and antimicrobial resistance mechanisms) Compare and contrast the pathogenesis, virulence factors, and clinical presentation of infections due to Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative staphylococcus Compare and contrast the environmental niches and most common clinical diseases associated with […]
Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
Learning goals Compare epidemiology, microbiology, pathogenesis, and host risk factors for cystitis, pyelonephritis, and health-care associated urinary infections Compare and contrast the clinical presentations, diagnosis, treatment approach, and potential complications for cystitis, pyelonephritis, and prostatitis This session covers the clinical entity of urinary tract infections and will build off of concepts/learning in the session on […]
Gram-negative bacteria: Systemic and urinary pathogens (“The all stars”)
Learning goals Compare and contrast the microbiologic characteristics, pathogenic features, and diseases associated with Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae Compare and contrast the virulence factors and clinical diseases associated with the six pathogenic types of Escherichia coli Describe cellular features of gram-negative bacteria and the immune response to invasive gram-negative infections This […]
Orbital eye infections
Learning goals Describe the clinical presentation and microbiology of common etiologies for blepharitis, hordeolum, conjunctivitis, and keratitis Describe the clinical findings and microbiologic origins of chorioretinitis and use clinical history and examination findings to differentiate microbiologic causes Compare and contrast periorbital and orbital cellulitis, including anatomic location, etiology, and potential complications Required pre-class materials Click […]
Meningitis and encephalitis
Learning goals Describe the epidemiology and risk factors for meningitis and list the primary pathogens that lead to meningitis, based on age groups Compare and contrast the clinical manifestations of encephalitis, acute bacterial meningitis, aseptic meningitis, and chronic meningitis and use cerebrospinal fluid findings to differentiate various microbial etiologies Describe the microbiologic features (classification, structures, […]