The six A’s framework for weight management counseling
As a healthcare professional, you may find discussing weight with patients to be challenging or uncomfortable. This section is adapted from the American College of Physician’s Obesity Learning Hub. The 6 A’s framework (Ask, Assess, Advise, Agree, Assist, Arrange) is a patient-centered and empathic approach to partnering with a patient to manage overweight or obesity. […]
How can healthcare professionals proactively prevent weight stigma and bias?
Research and professional guidelines suggest that reducing weight stigma requires action at the individual, interpersonal, and system levels. Healthcare professionals can take several evidence-based steps to create a more respectful, equitable, and effective care environment. Use person-first and non-stigmatizing language The language used to discuss weight can significantly influence patients’ healthcare experiences, engagement in treatment, […]
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): Genital ulcer disease, papules, and warts (High-yield)
Genital ulcer disease Key Differential A patient with a genital ulcer can usually be differentiated by: Disease Pain Ulcer Appearance Lymph Nodes Organism HSV Painful Multiple vesicles → shallow ulcers Tender HSV-2 most common for genital ulcers Primary syphilis Painless Single indurated chancre Nontender, rubbery Treponema pallidum Chancroid Very painful Soft ragged ulcer with purulent […]
Conley’s clinical correlations
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): Urethritis, cervicitis, vaginitis, and PID​ (High-yield)
Urethritis/Cervicitis: Syndromic approach Many are asymptomatic, especially in females Men Dysuria Thin mucoid discharge Pelvic pain Women Postcoital bleeding Mucopurulent discharge PID: look for cervical motion tenderness Think Chlamydia trachomatis (D-K) → most common cause Neisseria gonorrhoeae Less commonly: Mycoplasma genitalium Trichomonas HSV Chlamydia trachomatis (D-K) Key features Elementary body ↔ reticulate body Reactive arthritis […]
Microbiology and Infectious Disease high-yield materials
Year 1 Introduction to bacteria: Classification and structure Bacterial classification (Phenotypic) Gram Stain: Differentiates based on cell wall structure. Morphology: Cocci, bacilli, curved rods, clusters, chains. Growth Requirements: Oxygen tolerance (aerobes vs anaerobes). Biochemical Reactions: Catalase, coagulase, oxidase, lactose fermentation. Serologic Systems: Group A vs B Strep (based on surface antigens). Â Gram stain mechanism […]
Step 1 prep
Resources Library resources LibGuide Library Resources for Medicine: Test prep
Diabetes insipidus and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)​ (High-yield slides)
Weight bias and stigma in the healthcare setting
People living with obesity face negative attitudes, stereotypes, and blame from others because of their weight (i.e., weight bias). Weight bias can be explicit, such that an individual is conscious of negative attitudes (i.e., blatant), or it can be implicit, where the person is unwilling or unable to admit these attitudes (i.e., unconscious). Weight bias […]
Introduction to obesity care
Obesity, defined by the World Health Organization as a body mass index (BMI) 30 kg/m2, is a pervasive medical condition correlated with an increased risk of chronic conditions such as cardiovascular, metabolic, endocrine, and kidney disease.1Â Prevalence The prevalence of obesity among individuals 20 years and older increased from 34.7% in 1999 to 42.5% in […]