Anti-microbials
Antiviral agents
Acyclovir (Zovirax) Class(es) Antiviral. Clinical use(s) FDA approved: Herpes zoster (shingles), herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections (including genital herpes), varicella (chickenpox), and recurrent herpes simplex labialis (cold sores). Off-label/clinical use: Chickenpox pneumonia, Bell’s palsy, HSV in immunocompromised patients, and eczema herpeticum. Mechanism(s) of action It stops the replication of herpes viral DNA by competitively inhibiting […]
RNA viruses
dsRNA Rotavirus Segmented dsRNA virus. The segmented RNS allows for genetic reassortment and is utilized in vaccine formation. It is transmitted by fecal-oral route where its double-layered capsid resists digestion by stomach acid. Primary site of infection is duodenum and proximal jejunum where villi are destroyed, leading to decreased absorptive surface. It is one of […]
DNA viruses
dsDNA Herpesviridae dsDNA viruses that all cause persistent infections, mostly in a latent form. Their tissue tropism predicts clinical manifestations and latent forms. Herpes Simplex 1 and 2 Cause cutaneous vesicular eruptions and are transmitted through contact with oral or genital secretions or direct contact with actively infected vesicle. HSV 1 is most often associated […]
Viruses
Also in this section Download: high-resolution pdf Classification of medically important viruses Virus map by system  Respiratory GI-Liver CNS Skin Systemic ssRNA Influenza A/B Enteroviruses (Coxsackie, Echo) Rubeola (Measles) Parainfluenza Poliovirus Rabies Rubella RSV Norovirus Arboviruses: Zika, West Nile, St. Louis Encephalitis, Japanese Encephalitis, Mumps Rhinovirus Yellow Fever Coxsackie Coronavirus […]
Anti-bacterial agents
On this page Penicillin beta-lactams Cephalosporins Other antibiotics Antituberculars
Anaerobic bacteria
Medically Relevant This is a list of medically relevant bacteria. See the associated entry within the Microbiology and Infectious Disease thread compendium for gram-positive and gram-negative for details. Clostridia Actinomyces Bacteroides Propionibacterium/Cutibacterium acnes Lactobacillus
Atypical bacteria
These bacteria do not conform to the typical gram-positive and gram-negative distinctions, largely due to differences in their cell walls. Their ecologic niche, types of diseases, and immune response are resultantly different as well. Spirochetes Spiral-shaped bacteria. While cell wall structures are technically similar to gram-negative bacteria, most are far too thin to be seen […]
Gram-negative
Gram-negative cocci (GNCs): Diplococci Neisseria Small intracellular gram-negative diplococci. Neisseria meningitidis Neisseria meningitidis is gram-negative diplococci that colonizes human nasopharynx. It is encapsulated, which distinguishes it from other Neisseria spp and provides an anti-phagocytic protection. After colonizing nasopharynx, organism can evade immune response and reach meninges via bloodstream. Patients with terminal complement deficiency are highly […]
Gram-positive
Gram-Positive Cocci (GPCs) Staphylococci Staphylococcus aureus Beta-hemolytic, golden colored colonies on blood agar. One of the most common causes of infections in humans. The main habitat is the anterior nares in humans and as a colonizer of human skin. S. aureus has several important toxins that facilitate disease, including toxic-shock superantigens. S. aureus can cause […]