This reading is once again from Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Biochemistry. It does a very nice job with translation and all of the learning goals below. The pdf version is below.
Describe how certain antibiotics target bacterial protein translation and explain how this mechanism underlies their therapeutic use
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Understand the MOA of the following:
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Antibiotic – Aminoglycoside ~ Gentamicin, neomycin, and streptomycin
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Antibiotic – Lincosamide ~ Clindamycin
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Antibiotic – Macrolide ~ Azithromycin, erythromycin
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Antibiotic – Tetracycline ~ Doxycycline
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Chloramphenicol
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Puromycin
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Describe the genetic code and diagram different types of mutations in the code that contribute to disease states
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The genetic code
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Mutations
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Anticodon
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Codon
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Codon, Initiator
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Codon, Terminator
Describe the structure and function of ribosomes and tRNA, explain their roles in protein translation, and how they are targeted by antibiotics and affected in disease
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Ribosomes
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Transfer RNA
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Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases
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Peptidyltransferase
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Translation (initiation, elongation, termination)
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Peptide Chain Termination, Translational
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Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational
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Peptide Chain Elongation, Translational
Describe the different types of posttranslational modifications
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Post-translational modifications
Describe the structure and function of ribosomes and tRNA, explain their roles in protein translation, and how they are targeted by antibiotics and affected in disease
Osmosis video on translation.
Describe the genetic code and diagram different types of mutations in the code that contribute to disease states
Osmosis video on DNA mutations. (Note: For purposes of this learning goal, see about 3:30 to 7:30.)
Describe how certain antibiotics target bacterial protein translation and explain how this mechanism underlies their therapeutic use
These two Osmosis videos do an excellent job of illustrating how certain antibiotics use translation machinery as therapy.
Osmosis video on Protein synthesis inhibitors: Aminoglycosides.
Osmosis video on Protein synthesis inhibitors: Tetracyclines.
Describe the different types of posttranslational modifications
There are many different types of posttranslational modifications. Here is a list of some of the more important ones. You should be able to identify what a posttranslational modification is. You will be seeing “phosphorylation” in the weeks to come.
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- Trimming
- Phosphorylation
- Glycosylation
- Hydroxylation
- Carboxylation
- Farnesylated
- Biotinylated