This document is meant to help focus your studies for written exams and Step 1. Terms will be added throughout the year (i.e., this list is iterative and will change).
PICO framework
You should have a good grasp of how PICO works and why it's a useful framework.
Study design
Be able to compare the study designs and understand when and why each one is utilized.
Case-control study
Case report
Case series
Cohort study
Community-Based Participatory Research Program (CBPR)
Cross-sectional study
Double-blind study
Meta-analysis
Mixed methods
Prospective cohort study
Qualitative sampling
Qualitative studies
- Ethnography
- Phenomenology
- Grounded theory
- Case study
- Narrative
Randomized controlled trial (RCT)
Retrospective cohort study
Single-blind study
Survey design
Systematic review
The evidence-based pyramid
Components of study designs and basic statistical analysis
Accuracy
Area under the curve (AUC)
Bias
- Selection
- Information
- Recall
- Measurement
- Confounding
Central tendency
Chi-square analysis
Confidence interval
Confounder
Dependent variable
External validity
FDA trials
False negative
Hazard ratio
Incidence (calculate)
Independent variable
Internal validity
Interpreting a forest plot
Kaplan-Meier survival curves
Mean (calculate)
Median (calculate)
Mode (calculate)
Negative predictive value (NPV) (calculate)
Normal distribution
Null hypothesis vs. alternative hypothesis
Number needed to harm (NNH) (calculations, too!)
Number needed to treat (NNT) (calculations, too!)
Positive predictive value (PPV) (calculate)
Precision
Prevalence (calculate)
P-value
Random error
Reliability
ROC curves
Sample size
Sensitivity (calculations, too)
Specificity
Standard deviation
Standard error of the mean
Statistical power
True positive
Type I error
Type II error
Validity
Variance
Validity
Calculation and application of quantifying “risk”
Yes, you should be able to set up a 2x2 table.
Attack rate (calculate)
Mortality rate (calculate)
Odds ratio (calculate)
Risk ratios (calculate)
Ethics
Authorship
Beneficence
Conflict of interest
Financial
Informed consent
Justice
Principle of justice
Principle of respect for persons
Research misconduct and data manipulation
Subject selection (patients in treatment versus subjects in research)
Tuskegee Syphilis Study
MEDSCHLR 520 and 540
The intricacies of 520 and 540.
Institutional Review Board (IRB)
Data storage
IRB policies and duties
IRB in human subjects research
Vulnerable groups
What constitutes human subject research