The ear
Optional reading Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 9th ed., Head chapter, Ear section through Auditory ossicles. The ear is the part of the head that contains the structures associated with the special sensations of hearing and balance. For descriptive and functional purposes, anatomists and clinicians organize the ear into three parts: external, middle, and internal. Figure 1. […]
Orbit, eyelids, and lacrimal apparatus
Optional reading Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 9th ed., Head chapter, Orbits, eyeball, and accessory visual structures section through Lacrimal apparatus; Extra-ocular muscles of orbit section through Surface anatomy of eye and lacrimal apparatus. The orbit is the bony “eye socket” that contains the eyeball, extra-ocular muscles, nerves and vessels, and the lacrimal gland. It is protected […]
Face and parotid gland
Optional reading Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 9th ed., Head chapter, Face and scalp section through Surface anatomy of face; Parotid and temporal regions, infratemporal fossa, and temporomandibular joint section through Infratemporal fossa. The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology, 12th ed., Development of salivary glands section through Atresia of the nasolacrimal duct. The face is the anterior part […]
Scalp and cranial cavity
Optional reading Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 9th ed., Head chapter, Internal surface of cranial base section through Posterior cranial fossa; Face and scalp section through Lymphatic drainage of face and scalp; Cranial meninges section through Arachnoid mater and pia mater; Cerebral arterial circle section and Venous drainage of brain section. Scalp The scalp covers the skull and […]
Temporal and infratemporal regions; temporomandibular joint
Optional reading Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 7th ed., Temporomandibular joint section through Arthritis of TMJ. Temporal region Figure 1. Attachments of temporal fascia. GRAY’S ANATOMY FOR STUDENTS, FIGURE 8.138. Figure 2. GRAY’S ANATOMY FOR STUDENTS, FIGURE 8.139. The temporal fossa is the sunken area located on the lateral skull above the zygomatic arch. Boundaries Its floor […]
Development of digestive organs
Optional reading The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology, 12th ed., chapter 11. Introduction As always, understanding the development of the body’s organ systems and parts illuminates their gross anatomy. The definitive anatomy of digestive organs in the abdomen is a perfect example. The embryo starts out with a simple straight tube in the 4th week, […]
Head and neck development
Optional reading Langman’s Medical Embryology: Chapter 17, Head and Neck. The relevant sections are: Introduction, Pharyngeal Apparatus, Thyroid Gland, and Face. Most of the events that produce the definitive anatomy of the head and neck are covered in this chapter. The pharyngeal apparatus (the source of the primordial tissues) is discussed first, followed by detailed […]
Overview of the neck viscera; thyroid and parathyroid glands
Optional reading Moore, Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 7th ed., Viscera of neck section through Nerves of parathyroid glands. In thinking about the overall architecture of the neck, it can be organized into 4 units: 1. Visceral unit The visceral unit contains the neck’s visceral organs (the focus of this chapter). It is located anteriorly. 2. Vertebral […]
Infracolic organs: The intestines
Optional reading Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 8th ed., chapter 5, Abdominal viscera. Recall from The peritoneal cavity and mesenteries that the peritoneal cavity is divided into supracolic and infracolic regions, using the transverse colon and its mesentery (transverse mesocolon) as the borderline. In Organs in the supracolic region, the supracolic organs were described. In this chapter, […]
Gross Anatomy base material 5
Innervation of the tympanic cavity The mucosa is supplied by the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve. Thus, pain from a middle ear infection is carried in CN IX. Figure 8. Relationships of the tympanic cavity. Superior view. The petrous temporal bone is transparent. Auditory ossicles Three tiny bones extend across the tympanic cavity, […]