Sodium, Water, Osmolality
Know that urine osmolality is a reflection of ADH activity (UOsm low = ADH low) • Describe the hypothalamic —> posterior pituitary —> (V2—> G-protein —> adenylate cyclase —> increase cAMP —> phosphorylation of AQP-2 vesicles —> AQP-2 membrane insertion —> water moves from tubule into the bloodstream Know that the urine sodium is a […]
Glomerular Physiology

Multiple choice Questions Describe the electromechanical barrier of the glomerular capillary loop. The glomerular filtration barrier is composed of pedicles of podocytes (visceral epithelium of Bowman’s capsule), glomerular basement membrane (GBM) or basal lamina (produced by both endothelial and epithelial cells), and the fenestrated endothelium of glomerular capillaries. The glomerular filtration barrier is structurally composed […]
Renal Embryology

Multiple choice Describe the following Horseshoe kidney Functional or Nonfunctional? Functional Multicystic displastic kidney Functional or Nonfunctional? Not functional What is the concept of induction? Prompting the uterus to contract during pregnancy before labor begins on its own. What two tissues are involved? Uterus. Placenta. A recurrent UTI in a child can be a tip […]
Shock Patterns

BP HR CO SVR PCWP Hypovolemic Septic Cardiogenic Obstructive