Axis: The Science of Direction Worksheet
These worksheets are for self-study only. Answers will not be evaluated. Instructions and examples Instructions for Chapter 6 Worksheets Complete basic measurements. Describe or calculate the P direction in the frontal plane as inferior or superior, leftward, or rightward. Diagnose the P direction as normal if it is inferior and leftward. Diagnose junctional rhythm if […]
Axis: The Science of Direction Case Studies
Case 1: How leads determine direction Tap the arrow to view the case.How lead I separates left from right For this example, let’s visualize ventricular electrical systole, which is represented by the QRS. To determine and visualize whether the QRS is pointing, right or left, as well as up or down, first examine lead I. […]
6. Axis: The Science of Direction
In this material Self-study learning goals Identify and describe the six frontal plane leads. Identify and describe the six horizontal plane leads. Locate leads I, II, III, AVL, AVR, and AVF on the frontal plane diagram. Locate leads V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, and V6 on the horizontal plane diagram. Memorize the three leads that […]
The PR, QRS, and QT Intervals Worksheets
These worksheets are for self-study only. Answers will not be evaluated. Instructions and examples Instructions for Chapter 5 Worksheets Complete basic measurements. Measure the PR, QRS, and QT intervals. Interpret the PR as normal, short, or long. Interpret the QRS as normal (0.09 seconds or less), IVCD (0.10 to 0.11), or BBB (0.12 seconds or […]
The PR, QRS, and QT Intervals Case Studies
Case 1: Short PR interval—WPW syndrome Tap the arrow to view the case.Although the PR interval is measured only in the limb leads, examination of all the leads can help in the diagnosis of WPW syndrome. Leads I and aVL demonstrate a delta wave (the slurred upstroke) at the beginning of the QRS associated with […]
5. The PR, QRS, and QT Intervals
In this material Self-study learning goals Define and identify the following: Normal PR interval. Long PR interval. Short PR interval. Normal QRS interval. Intraventricular Conduction Delay. QT interval/QTc interval. Short QT interval. Long QT interval. Indeterminate QT interval. The PR, QRS, and QT intervals After calculation of the the heart rate, the next step is […]
Heart Rate Worksheets
These worksheets are for self-study only. Answers will not be evaluated. Instructions and examples Instructions for Chapter 4 Worksheets Count the number of small boxes between two QRS complexes. Divide that number into 1500 to accurately determine the HR. Use the HR to classify the rhythm as sinus rhythm (60 to 100), sinus tachycardia (greater […]
Heart Rate Case Studies
Case 1: Sinus tachycardia in acute MI Tap the arrow to view the case.The finding of sinus tachycardia on the EKG, as in Figure 4.8, enables visualization of an imbalance in the normal sympathetic / parasympathetic balance. Underlying clinical possibilities should be considered. The sympathetic stimulation may have increased, or the parasympathetic stimulation may have […]
4. Heart Rate: A Mandatory Part of an EKG Interpretation
In this material Self-study learning goals Define and Identify the following: Sinus rhythm Sinus bradycardia Sinus tachycardia Sinus arrhythmia Correctly measure the heart rate in any regular rhythm. Correctly measure the heart rate in atrial fibrillation. Define the pathophysiology of Sinus tachycardia Sinus bradycardia. List possible underlying causes of Sinus tachycardia Sinus bradycardia. Describe findings […]
II. Methodology: Measurements and Their Clinical Significance
In this material