00. Introduction to the peritoneal cavity and GI tract
What is peritoneum? Peritoneum is a serous membrane. Recall that serous membranes are associated with body cavities and visceral organs within them. Question What is the function of a serous membrane? What are the names of the two other serous membranes we encountered earlier in our course? Parietal peritoneum lines the walls of the abdominopelvic […]
00. Tracheobronchial tree
Tracheobronchial tree Trachea: Distal continuation of the larynx, passing from the neck into the superior mediastinum. Can be palpated in the anterior neck, just above the suprasternal notch. The trachea bifurcates into the right and left main bronchi at the level of T-5 or T-6. The airway of the trachea is held open by C-shaped […]
21. Pelvic vessels, nerves, and lymphatics
Optional Reading Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 8th ed., chapter 6, Neurovascular structures of pelvis section through Clinical box: Neurovascular structures of pelvis. Vascular supply of the pelvis Arteries The internal iliac arteries are the prime sources of blood to pelvic structures. They also supply musculoskeletal structures outside the pelvic cavity (hip and gluteal regions). Arising from […]
Gross Anatomy base material 4
20. Pelvic viscera
Optional Reading Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 8th ed., Pelvic viscera section through Lymphatic drainage from female pelvic viscera. The “lay of the land”: The pelvic viscera are below the peritoneum, surrounded by visceral pelvic fascia, and separated from one another by subperitoneal pelvic connective tissue “packing material.” Most of the organs in the pelvic cavity (rectum, […]
19. The pelvic cavity and pelvic skeleton
Optional Reading Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 8th ed., chapter 6, Introduction to pelvis and perineum section through The bottom line: Pelvic cavity, pelvic peritoneum, and pelvic fascia. The pelvis is the region of transition where the trunk and lower limbs meet. Since the word pelvis comes from the Latin term for basin, it is used more […]
Posterior forearm
Cubital fossa and anterior forearm
Autonomic innervation of thoracic organs
Now let’s take the principles of the ANS that we learned in Principles of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and apply them specifically to innervating thoracic organs. Autonomic nerve plexuses Autonomic motor and visceral afferent fibers reach and leave thoracic organs through autonomic nerve plexuses. Concept In autonomic plexuses, parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers and visceral […]
Heart and pericardium
Location of the heart and pericardium The heart and pericardium are located in the mediastinum, resting atop the diaphragm, between the lungs and pleural cavities. Owing to its development, most of the heart is located to the left side of the body’s midline. The size of the heart is described as that of the person’s […]